Frederick beck



IENT 'FFICE FREDERICK BECK, on NEW YORK, n. Y.

s DECORATING WALL-"PAPER."

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,034, dated July 14,1 885.

Application filed May 9, 1885. (No specimenal To all whom it mayconcern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK BEoK, a

' citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in thecounty of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Paper, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in. papers and in their mode ofmanufacture, the papers made by me being especially intended fordecorative purposes; and it consists in admixing with the paper whileyet in the pulp state certain bodies which will give to the finishedpaper a glistening, colored, orother ornamental appearance. The paperswhich I produce are specially designed by me for wall and ceilingcoverings, although well adapted for many other uses in which adecorated paper is desired.-

My invention more particularly described is as follows: I admix with thepulp from which the paper is to be made finely-comminuted be producedand also in some cases upon the materials employed. They mabe,'howeve'r, from about five per cent. to about sixty per cent. of theentire mass; and for use as wall or ceiling coverings I prefer pulp oflong strong fiberto a shorter finer quality, since strength rather thanfineness of surface is desired. The character of the pulp will, however,be determined by the use to which the finished paper is to be put, as iswell understood by paper-makers. These bodies are, as stated, reduced toa finely-divided state, eitherin the form of small scales or littlegranules, as the case may be, depending largely upon the character ofthe particular body employed; and they are then thoroughly admixed inany j suitable manner, and by the use of any suitable apparatus,with thepulp,which, as stated, may be made of any desired paper-stock suitablefor making the special kind of paper desired; and these bodies soadmixed may in many, and, in fact, most cases, take the placeterra-alba, wood pulp, and the like. The pulp thus prepared is made intosheets in any suitable paper-making apparatus the same as l in themanufacture of ordinary papers, and it may be either sized or unsized,and the sizing may be introduced into the pulp or applied as a topsizing, so called, as preferred. Vhen the paper is finished, it will befound that the particles of the bodies named by me thus admixed appearon the surfaces of the sheet and give to it a glistening or coloredappcarance,dcpending on the character of the body introduced, moreorless brilliant or deep, depending upon the percentage of such bodiesused, and a continuous unbroken glistening or colored surface may easilybe produced resembling a solid sheet of mica, &c., as the case may be,by the employment of from forty to sixty per cent. of such bodies,respectively.

I have also-found that I can produce very ferent' colors or differentshades of the same color, and then admixing them, asbefore stated, witha pulp which has received the same or a different color or colors orshade of color, thus producing a surface having minute glistening orcolored spots of different colors upon a base or background of the same,or adifferent color or shade of the same color.

The coloring material which I have found useful for dyeing the pulp, andalso the bodies named, are the aniline colors generally; but anysuitable coloring material may be employed. Both surfaces of the paperwill present the same decorated appearance, if made as above set forth;but I .also make papers having but one surface, or one side only thusdecorated by applying a sheet of the pulp admixed with the bodies namedto one or more fully made with both sides decorated by the use of twosheets of the paper containing the I paper; but the presence of thebenzine would bodies named attached to both sides of another centralsheet made in the ordinary manner, and this central sheet may be made ofstock of low grade to cheapen the manufacture, if desired. The union ofthe several sheets in this case, also, may be effected during themanufacture of the same or afterward, as before stated; and a thickhcavy'sheet of my decoratedpaper may also be made by the union ofseveral thicknesses or sheets of the paper containing the bodies namedby me, the several sheets being united by pressure, &c., as nowfrequently done by paper-manufacturers in the manufacture of heavysheets of ordinary paper. I also incorporate with the pulp two or moreof the bodies named by me, thus producing strikingly decorative effects,for example, mica and fine red sand. This, when varnished with atransparent varnish or wash,

' gives a remarkable appearance to the walls and ceilings of a room.

In addition to the above-named bodies I introduce into the pulp in thesame manner certain metallic bodies, using, however, only those thathave the capacity of retaining their original ornamental or brilliantappearance for a long time, in other words, those which do not readilyrust, corrode, tarnish, or other wise lose their decorativeappearance-such, for instance, as gold-foil-or those which, beingtreated with acids or heat, or otherwise changed, attain fixed colorsdifferent from those originally possessed by them, although I may useother metals finely divided, provided-the paper, when finished, has acoat of varnish or other suitable preservative applied to it which willprotect the particles of metal from contact with the atmosphere, andthus maintain their original decorative appearance. i

I am aware that prior to my invention deco- -rated papers have been madeby first making the paper in the ordinary manner, and then coating itwith a film of adhesive substance, and then, while the adhesivesubstance is still sticky, applying finely-divided mica thereto,

and then allowing it to dry; and also that an adhesive and transparentpaint-like coat, having fine mica or talc admixed with it as a sort ofpigment, has been applied to the surface of sheets of paper with brushesand then allowed to dry; but these methods, and also the resultingproduct, are entirely different from my present process and the productthereby produced.

I am also aware that for the purposes of producing a paper suitable forbank-notes, promissory obligations, bonds, &c., which can' not betampered with after having been filled out or printed, metallic filingsand metallic powders have been admixed with benzine, and this mixtureincorporated in the pulp of the render such papers quite unfit for thedecorative uses to which I put my papers; and, moreover, such metalshave never been treated to change their color or render it fixed, norhas the surface thereof, so that if chemicals were employed to removethe writing or printing on the paper the action thereof on the metalsjust below the surface of the paper would at once disclose the attemptedtampering. This is not my invention, because the particles do not appearon the surface of the paper, which is my especial object for the purposeof decoration.

'I do not limit myself to the proportions stated nor to the employmentof any specific body for the purpose stated, with the limitation,however, that the bodies employed must be adapted and must have theeffect of ornamenting or decorating the surface of the paper whencompleted.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. The described improvement inthe manu I facture of paper, consisting in admixing with the pulpfinely-divided mica, talc, glass, sand, or like body, substantially asand for thepurposes set forth.

2. As a new manufacture, paper composed of pulp having admixed therewithfinely-divided mineral bodies which have a glittering or lustrousappearance, whereby a glistening appearance is given to the surface ofthe pa: per, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I i As anew manufacture, paper composed of two or more sheets of paper united toeach other, one of which sheets has mineral bodies incorporatedtherewith and embedded therein, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

4. As a new manufacture, paper composed of a colored pulp havingincorporated therein colored or stained and finely-divided metallic ormineral bodies, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

The described process of manufacturing paper, consisting in firstpreparing the paper-pulp as usual in such manufacture, then admixingtherewith finely-divided mineral bodies having a lustrous appearance,and then forming the mass thus produced into sheets, substantially asspecified.

6. The described process of manufacturing paper, consisting in firstpreparing the paperpulp as usual in such manufacture, then dyeing thepulp, then admixing therewith finelydivided and colored or dyed metallicor mineral bodies, and then forming the same-into sheets, substantiallyas specified.

7. The described improvement inthe manufacture of paper, consistinginthe employment of finely-divided metallic and mineral bodies as afiller, so called, in the place of clays,

terra-alba, wood pulp, &c., as now employed.

8. As a new manufacture, paper composed of pulp having admixed therewithfinely-divided metallic bodies, the said paper, after being formed insheets, having the surface thereof coated with a protecting material,whereby the atmosphere is prevented from coming in contact therewith.

9. As a new manufacture, paper composed of pulp admixed with metallicparticles which have been treated with acids, heat, or other suitableagent, whereby they acquire a permanent fixed color, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

10. The described process of manufacturing papers, consisting in firstpreparing the paper- I 5 pulp, then admixing therewith finely-dividedmineral or metallic bodies, then pressing the. paper into sheets, thenvarnishing or otherwise protecting the surface of the sheet from contactwith the atmosphere, substantially as 20 set forth. Y Signed at NewYork, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 5th day ofMay, A. D. 1885.

FREDERICK BECK.

\Vitnesses:

JOHN .H. IVES,

SHERWOOD CoxNEL'L.

